Solidago squarrosa
stout goldenrod
 
Stout goldenrod is a shade-tolerant goldenrod with bold yellow flowers and sturdy stems, well suited to woodland edges and open forests. It blooms in late summer, providing an important nectar source in habitats where goldenrods are often scarce.
 
Its flowers attract a wide diversity of native bees, wasps, and butterflies, including species that rely heavily on goldenrods late in the season. The seeds are eaten by birds such as chickadees and sparrows in fall and winter, making this a high-value plant for woodland wildlife.
 
Photo by Tela Botanica − Yoan Martin